Ubuthathaka boKhuseleko lweNkqubo ye-5G kunye neMiqathango yokuchasana

**Iinkqubo kunye neeNethiwekhi ze5G (NR)**

Itekhnoloji ye-5G isebenzisa uyilo oluguquguqukayo nolunemodyuli ngakumbi kunezizukulwana zangaphambili zenethiwekhi yeselula, nto leyo evumela ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso okukhulu kunye nokwenza ngcono iinkonzo zenethiwekhi kunye nemisebenzi. Iinkqubo ze-5G ziqulathe izinto ezintathu ezibalulekileyo: i-**RAN** (Radio Access Network), i-**CN** (Core Network) kunye ne-Edge Networks.

- I-**RAN** iqhagamshela izixhobo eziphathwayo (ii-UE) kwinethiwekhi ephambili ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obahlukeneyo obungenazingcingo obufana ne-mmWave, i-Massive MIMO, kunye ne-beamforming.

- I-**Core Network (CN)** inika ulawulo oluphambili kunye nemisebenzi yolawulo efana nokuqinisekisa, ukuhambahamba, kunye nokuhambisa.

- **Ii-Edge Networks** zivumela izixhobo zenethiwekhi ukuba zibekwe kufutshane nabasebenzisi kunye nezixhobo, nto leyo evumela iinkonzo ze-low-latency kunye ne-high-bandwidth ezifana ne-cloud computing, i-AI, kunye ne-IoT.

Iinkqubo ze-5G (NR) zineendlela ezimbini zokwakha: **NSA** (Ezingezizo ezizimeleyo) kunye **SA** (Ezizimeleyo):

- **I-NSA** isebenzisa iziseko zophuhliso ze-4G LTE ezikhoyo (i-eNB kunye ne-EPC) kunye nee-node ezintsha ze-5G (gNB), isebenzisa inethiwekhi engundoqo ye-4G kwimisebenzi yolawulo. Oku kwenza kube lula ukwakhiwa ngokukhawuleza kokusasazwa kwe-5G kwiinethiwekhi ezikhoyo.

- **I-SA** inesakhiwo se-5G esicocekileyo esine-network entsha ye-5G core kunye neendawo zesikhululo sesiseko (gNB) ezibonelela ngezakhono ezipheleleyo ze-5G ezifana ne-latency ephantsi kunye nokusikwa kwenethiwekhi. Umahluko ophambili phakathi kwe-NSA kunye ne-SA usekuxhomekekeni kwenethiwekhi engundoqo kunye nendlela yokuzivelela - i-NSA sisiseko soyilo lwe-SA oluphambili noluzimeleyo.

**Iingozi zoKhuseleko kunye nemingeni**

Ngenxa yobunzima obandayo, ukwahluka kunye nokunxibelelana, iitekhnoloji ze-5G zizisa izoyikiso ezintsha zokhuseleko kunye nemingeni kwiinethiwekhi ezingenazingcingo. Umzekelo, izinto ezininzi zenethiwekhi, ii-interfaces kunye neeprotokholi zinokusetyenziswa ngabadlali abanobungozi njengabaphangi okanye izigebenga ze-intanethi. Amaqela anjalo ahlala ezama ukuqokelela kunye nokucubungula inani elandayo ledatha yobuqu neyimfihlo evela kubasebenzisi kunye nezixhobo ngeenjongo ezisemthethweni okanye ezingekho mthethweni. Ngaphezu koko, iinethiwekhi ze-5G zisebenza kwindawo enamandla ngakumbi, okunokubangela imiba yolawulo kunye nokuthobela imithetho kubaqhubi beefowuni, ababoneleli ngeenkonzo kunye nabasebenzisi njengoko kufuneka balandele imithetho eyahlukeneyo yokukhusela idatha kuwo onke amazwe kunye nemigangatho yokhuseleko lwenethiwekhi ethile kushishino.

**Izisombululo kunye neendlela zokuzichasa**

I-5G ibonelela ngokhuseleko oluphuculweyo kunye nobumfihlo ngokusebenzisa izisombululo ezintsha ezifana nokubethela okuqinileyo kunye nokuqinisekiswa, i-edge computing kunye ne-blockchain, i-AI kunye nokufunda koomatshini. I-5G isebenzisa i-algorithm entsha yokubethela ebizwa ngokuba yi-**5G AKA** esekelwe kwi-elliptic curve cryptography, inika iziqinisekiso zokhuseleko eziphezulu. Ukongeza, i-5G isebenzisa isakhelo esitsha sokuqinisekiswa esibizwa ngokuba yi-**5G SEAF** esekelwe ekusikeni kwenethiwekhi. I-Edge computing ivumela idatha ukuba icutshungulwe kwaye igcinwe kumda wenethiwekhi, inciphisa i-latency, i-bandwidth kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla. Ii-Blockchains zidala kwaye zilawula ii-ledgers ezisasaziweyo, ezisasazwayo ezirekhoda kwaye ziqinisekisa iziganeko zentengiselwano yenethiwekhi. I-AI kunye nokufunda koomatshini zihlalutya kwaye ziqikelele iipateni zenethiwekhi kunye nokungaqhelekanga ukuze zibone uhlaselo/iziganeko kwaye zivelise/zikhusele idatha yenethiwekhi kunye nobunikazi.

I-Chengdu Concept Microwave Technology CO.,Ltd ngumvelisi ochwephesha wezixhobo ze-5G/6G RF eTshayina, kuquka isihluzi se-RF lowpass, isihluzi se-highpass, isihluzi se-bandpass, isihluzi se-notch/i-band stop, i-duplexer, i-Power divider kunye ne-directional coupler. Zonke zingenziwa ngokwezifiso ngokweemfuno zakho.

Wamkelekile kwiwebhu yethu:www.concept-mw.comokanye uqhagamshelane nathi kule dilesi:sales@concept-mw.com