I-5G (unomathotholo oMtsha) iSilumkiso sikaWonke-wonke kunye neempawu zayo

I-5G (i-NR, okanye i-New Radio) i-Public Warning System (PWS) ixhaphake ubugcisa obuphezulu kunye nokukwazi ukuhanjiswa kwedatha ye-5G yenethiwekhi ye-5G ukubonelela ngolwazi olukhawulezayo oluchanekileyo noluchanekileyo lwesilumkiso kuluntu. Le nkqubo idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusasazeni izilumkiso ngexesha leentlekele zendalo (ezifana neenyikima kunye neetsunami) kunye neziganeko zokhuseleko loluntu, ezijolise ekunciphiseni ilahleko yeentlekele kunye nokukhusela ubomi babantu.

System Overview
I-Public Warning System (PWS) yinkqubo yonxibelelwano esebenza ngamaqumrhu karhulumente okanye imibutho echaphazelekayo ukuthumela imiyalezo elumkisa uluntu ngexesha likaxakeka. Le miyalezo inokusasazwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa unomathotholo, umabonwakude, iSMS, imidiya yoluntu, kunye neenethiwekhi ze-5G. Inethiwekhi ye-5G, kunye ne-latency ephantsi, ukuthembeka okuphezulu, kunye nomthamo omkhulu, sele kubaluleke kakhulu kwi-PWS.

Inkqubo yoSasazo loMyalezo kwi-5G PWS
Kwiinethiwekhi ze-5G, imiyalezo ye-PWS isasazwa ngezikhululo zesiseko ze-NR ezixhunywe kwi-5G Core Network (5GC). Izikhululo ezisisiseko ze-NR zinoxanduva lokucwangcisa nokusasaza imiyalezo elumkisayo, kunye nokusebenzisa ukusebenza kwepheyiji ukwazisa ngeSixhobo soMsebenzisi (UE) ukuba imiyalezo elumkisayo iyasasazwa. Oku kuqinisekisa ukusasazwa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokugubungela ngokubanzi ulwazi olungxamisekileyo.

Iindidi eziphambili ze-PWS kwi-5G

Inyikima kunye neNkqubo yeSilumkiso yeTsunami (ETWS):
Yenzelwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zesaziso sesilumkiso esinxulumene nenyikima kunye/okanye iziganeko zetsunami. Izilumkiso ze-ETWS zinokuhlelwa njengezaziso eziphambili (izilumkiso ezimfutshane) kunye nezaziso zesibini (ukubonelela ngolwazi oluneenkcukacha), ukubonelela ngolwazi olusexesheni nolubanzi kuluntu ngexesha likaxakeka.
INkqubo yoLumkiso lweMobile yoRhwebo (CMAS):
Inkqubo yesilumkiso sikawonke-wonke engxamisekileyo ehambisa izilumkiso ezingxamisekileyo kubasebenzisi ngokusebenzisa uthungelwano lweselula lwentengiso. Kuthungelwano lwe-5G, i-CMAS isebenza ngendlela efanayo ne-ETWS kodwa inokugubungela uluhlu olubanzi lweentlobo zeziganeko zikaxakeka, ezifana nemozulu embi kunye nohlaselo lwabanqolobi.

Iimpawu eziphambili zePWS
Indlela yokwazisa nge-ETWS kunye ne-CMAS:
Zombini i-ETWS kunye ne-CMAS zichaza iibhloko zoLwazi lweNkqubo ezahlukeneyo (SIBs) ukuthwala imiyalezo elumkisayo. Ukusebenza kwephepha kusetyenziselwa ukwazisa ii-UEs malunga ne-ETWS kunye ne-CMAS izikhombisi. Ii-UEs ezikwi-RRC_IDLE kunye ne-RRC_INACTIVE zithi zibeka iliso kwizalathiso ze-ETWS/CMAS ngexesha lokupeyisha, ngelixa kwi-RRC_CONNECTED state, zikwayibeke iliso le miyalezo ngezinye izihlandlo zokupheyija. I-ETWS/CMAS i-paging yesaziso ibangela ukufunyanwa kolwazi lwenkqubo ngaphandle kokulibazisa kude kube lixesha elilandelayo lokuguqulwa, ukuqinisekisa ukusasazwa ngokukhawuleza kolwazi olungxamisekileyo.

Uphuculo lwe-ePWS:
INkqubo yesilumkiso soLuntu eyongeziweyo (i-ePWS) ivumela umxholo wosasazo oxhomekeke kulwimi kunye nezaziso kwii-UEs ngaphandle kojongano lomsebenzisi okanye ayikwazi ukubonisa umbhalo. Lo msebenzi ufezekiswa ngeeprothokholi ezithile kunye nemigangatho (umz., i-TS 22.268 kunye ne-TS 23.041), ukuqinisekisa ukuba ulwazi olungxamisekileyo lufikelela kwisiseko esibanzi somsebenzisi.

I-KPAS kunye ne-EU-Alert:
I-KPAS kunye ne-EU-Alert ziinkqubo ezimbini ezongezelelweyo zesilumkiso zoluntu eziyilelwe ukuthumela izilumkiso ezininzi ngaxeshanye. Basebenzisa iindlela ezifanayo ze-Access Stratum (AS) njenge-CMAS, kwaye iinkqubo ze-NR ezichazwe kwi-CMAS zisebenza ngokulinganayo kwi-KPAS kunye ne-EU-Alert, eyenza ukusebenzisana kunye nokuhambelana phakathi kweenkqubo.

Ukuqukumbela, iNkqubo yeSilumkiso yoLuntu ye-5G, kunye nokusebenza kwayo, ukuthembeka, kunye nokugubungela ngokubanzi, inikezela ngenkxaso yesilumkiso esiqatha kuluntu. Njengoko iteknoloji ye-5G iqhubeka nokuguquka nokuphucula, i-PWS iya kudlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuphenduleni iintlekele zendalo kunye neziganeko zokhuseleko loluntu.

Ingqikelelo ibonelela ngoluhlu olupheleleyo lwamacandelo e-microwave esebenzayo kwi-5G (NR, okanye iRadiyo eNtsha) IiNkqubo zeSilumkiso zikaWonke-wonke : Isihluli saMandla saMandla, i-directional coupler, isihluzi, i-duplexer, kunye nezixhobo ze-PIM EZINGAPHANTSI ukuya kwi-50GHz, ezinomgangatho olungileyo kunye namaxabiso akhuphisanayo.
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