Xa ukubala kusondela kwimida yesantya sewotshi, siguqukela kwizakhiwo ezininzi ezingundoqo.Xa unxibelelwano lusondela kwimida yomzimba yesantya sothumelo, siphendukela kwiinkqubo ezininzi ze-antenna.Ziziphi iingenelo ezikhokelele izazinzulu kunye neenjineli ukuba zikhethe ii-eriyali ezininzi njengesiseko se-5G kunye nolunye unxibelelwano olungenazingcingo?Ngelixa iyantlukwano yendawo yayiyinkuthazo yokuqala yokongeza ii-eriyali kwizikhululo ezisisiseko, kwafunyaniswa phakathi koo-1990 ukuba ukufaka ii-eriyali ezininzi kwicala le-Tx kunye/okanye le-Rx kwavula ezinye izinto ezinokwenzeka ezazingenakubonwa kwangaphambili ngeenkqubo ze-eriyali enye.Ngoku makhe sichaze iindlela ezintathu eziphambili zobuchule kulo mongo.
**Iyaqaqamba**
I-Beamforming yitekhnoloji ephambili apho umaleko womzimba we-5G iinethiwekhi zeselula zisekelwe.Kukho iintlobo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ze-beamforming:
Ibeamforming yeClassical, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-Line-of-Sight (LoS) okanye i-beamforming ebonakalayo
Ukwenziwa kokukhanya okuqhelekileyo, okwakwaziwa ngokuba yi-Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) okanye ukwenziwa kwentsimbi okubonakalayo
Umbono ngasemva kwezi ntlobo zombini zokuqaqambisa kukusebenzisa ii-eriyali ezininzi ukomeleza amandla ophawu kumsebenzisi othile, ngelixa ucinezela imiqondiso evela kwimithombo ephazamisayo.Njengomzekeliso, izihluzi zedijithali ziguqula umxholo wesignali kwi-domain frequency kwinkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-spectral filtering.Ngendlela efanayo, i-beamforming iguqula umxholo wesignali kwindawo yendawo.Yiyo loo nto ikwabizwa ngokuba kuhluzo lwesithuba.
Ibeamforming ebonakalayo inembali ende kwi-signal process algorithms ye-sonar kunye ne-radar systems.Ivelisa imiqadi yokwenyani kwisithuba sokusasaza okanye ukwamkela kwaye ngoko inxulumene ngokusondeleyo ne-angle yokufika (AoA) okanye i-angle yokusuka (AoD) yomqondiso.Ngokufana nendlela i-OFDM eyenza ngayo imijelo ehambelanayo kwi-domain frequency, classical okanye i-beamforming ebonakalayo idala imiqadi ehambelanayo kwisizinda se-angular.
Kwelinye icala, kwindalo yayo ilula, ukwenziwa ngokubanzi okanye ukubethelela okubonakalayo kuthetha ukuhambisa (okanye ukufumana) imiqondiso efanayo kwi-eriyali nganye ye-Tx (okanye i-Rx) enezigaba ezifanelekileyo kunye nokufumana ubunzima ukuze amandla omqondiso andise kumsebenzisi othile.Ngokungafaniyo nokulawula umqadi kwicala elithile, ugqithiso okanye ulwamkelo lwenzeka macala onke, kodwa isitshixo kukongeza ngendlela eyakhayo iikopi ezininzi zophawu kwicala lokufumana ukuthomalalisa iimpembelelo eziziindlela ezininzi.
**I-Spatial Multiplexing**
Kwimo ye-spatial multiplexing, i-input data stream ihlulwe ibe yimijelo emininzi ehambelanayo kwi-domain yendawo, kunye nomlambo ngamnye emva koko udluliselwe kwiikhonkco ze-Tx ezahlukeneyo.Ngethuba nje iindlela zeshaneli zifika zivela kwii-engile ezahlukeneyo ngokwaneleyo kwii-antenna ze-Rx, phantse akukho kulungelelaniswa, ubuchule bokucwangcisa i-digital signal (DSP) bunokuguqula i-wireless medium kwi-channel parallel ezimeleyo.Le mowudi ye-MIMO ibe yeyona nto iphambili yomyalelo wokunyuka kobungakanani kwireyithi yedatha yeenkqubo zala maxesha ezingenazingcingo, kuba ulwazi oluzimeleyo luhanjiswa ngaxeshanye lusuka kwii-eriyali ezininzi ngaphaya kwe-bandwidth efanayo.Ii-algorithms zokuqaphela ezifana nokunyanzeliswa kwe-zero (ZF) zahlula iisimboli zokumodareyitha ekuphazamisekeni kwezinye ii-eriyali.
Njengoko kubonisiwe kumzobo, kwi-WiFi MU-MIMO, imijelo yedatha emininzi ihanjiswa ngaxeshanye kubasebenzisi abaninzi ukusuka kwii-antenna ezininzi zokuhambisa.
**Ikhowudi yeXesha leSithuba**
Kule modi, izikimu ezikhethekileyo zekhowudi zisetyenziswa ngexesha lonke kunye nee-eriyali xa kuthelekiswa neenkqubo ze-eriyali enye, ukomeleza ulwahlulo lokufumana umqondiso ngaphandle kwelahleko yedatha kumamkeli.Iikhowudi zexesha lesithuba ziphucula iyantlukwano yendawo ngaphandle kwesidingo soqikelelo lwetshaneli kwi-transmitter eneeriyali ezininzi.
I-Concept Microwave ngumvelisi oqeqeshiweyo wamacandelo e-5G RF kwiinkqubo ze-Antenna e-China, kuquka i-RF lowpass filter, i-highpass filter, i-bandpass filter, i-notch filter / i-band stop filter, i-duplexer, isahluli samandla kunye ne-coupler eyalathisayo.Zonke zinokulungiswa ngokweemfuno zakho.
Wamkelekile kwiwebhu yethu :www.concept-mw.comokanye usithumelele i-imeyile ku:sales@concept-mw.com
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-29-2024